C++中好多数据类型已经在STL中实现好了，至于链表等数据结构不用自己亲自动手，直接调用即可。结构化编程中实用的数据结构就是struct结构体，自顶向下，逐步求精，离不开这个玩意。希望节约大家的学习时间，南无阿弥陀佛！
例1 原始用法，最笨，最土，最有效。
#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
using namespace std;
struct Books
{
char title[50];
char author[50];
char subject[100];
int book_id;
};
int main( )
{
struct Books Book1; // Declare Book1 of type Book
struct Books Book2; // Declare Book2 of type Book
// book 1 specification
strcpy( Book1.title, "Learn C++ Programming");
strcpy( Book1.author, "Chand Miyan");
strcpy( Book1.subject, "C++ Programming");
Book1.book_id = 6495407;
// book 2 specification
strcpy( Book2.title, "Telecom Billing");
strcpy( Book2.author, "Yakit Singha");
strcpy( Book2.subject, "Telecom");
Book2.book_id = 6495700;
// Print Book1 info
cout << "Book 1 title : " << Book1.title <<endl;
cout << "Book 1 author : " << Book1.author <<endl;
cout << "Book 1 subject : " << Book1.subject <<endl;
cout << "Book 1 id : " << Book1.book_id <<endl;
// Print Book2 info
cout << "Book 2 title : " << Book2.title <<endl;
cout << "Book 2 author : " << Book2.author <<endl;
cout << "Book 2 subject : " << Book2.subject <<endl;
cout << "Book 2 id : " << Book2.book_id <<endl;
return 0;
}
例2. 结构体变量作为函数参数 （用book.title来获得结构体元素的值）
#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
using namespace std;
void printBook( struct Books book );
struct Books
{
char title[50];
char author[50];
char subject[100];
int book_id;
};
int main( )
{
struct Books Book1; // Declare Book1 of type Book
struct Books Book2; // Declare Book2 of type Book
// book 1 specification
strcpy( Book1.title, "Learn C++ Programming");
strcpy( Book1.author, "Chand Miyan");
strcpy( Book1.subject, "C++ Programming");
Book1.book_id = 6495407;
// book 2 specification
strcpy( Book2.title, "Telecom Billing");
strcpy( Book2.author, "Yakit Singha");
strcpy( Book2.subject, "Telecom");
Book2.book_id = 6495700;
// Print Book1 info
printBook( Book1 );
// Print Book2 info
printBook( Book2 );
return 0;
}
void printBook( struct Books book )
{
cout << "Book title : " << book.title <<endl;
cout << "Book author : " << book.author <<endl;
cout << "Book subject : " << book.subject <<endl;
cout << "Book id : " << book.book_id <<endl;
}
例3. 用结构体的指针作为函数的参数。（用book->title获得元素的值）
#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
using namespace std;
void printBook( struct Books *book );
struct Books
{
char title[50];
char author[50];
char subject[100];
int book_id;
};
int main( )
{
struct Books Book1; // Declare Book1 of type Book
struct Books Book2; // Declare Book2 of type Book
// Book 1 specification
strcpy( Book1.title, "Learn C++ Programming");
strcpy( Book1.author, "Chand Miyan");
strcpy( Book1.subject, "C++ Programming");
Book1.book_id = 6495407;
// Book 2 specification
strcpy( Book2.title, "Telecom Billing");
strcpy( Book2.author, "Yakit Singha");
strcpy( Book2.subject, "Telecom");
Book2.book_id = 6495700;
// Print Book1 info, passing address of structure
printBook( &Book1 );
// Print Book1 info, passing address of structure
printBook( &Book2 );
return 0;
}
// This function accept pointer to structure as parameter.
void printBook( struct Books *book )
{
cout << "Book title : " << book->title <<endl; //struct_pointer->title;
cout << "Book author : " << book->author <<endl;
cout << "Book subject : " << book->subject <<endl;
cout << "Book id : " << book->book_id <<endl;
}
例4. 使用typedef 进行 类型 取别名， 使得代码更紧凑，优雅。
#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
using namespace std;
typedef struct
{
char title[50];
char author[50];
char subject[100];
int book_id;
}Books;
void printBook(Books *book );
int main( )
{
Books Book1; // Declare Book1 of type Book
Books Book2; // Declare Book2 of type Book
// Book 1 specification
strcpy( Book1.title, "Learn C++ Programming");
strcpy( Book1.author, "Chand Miyan");
strcpy( Book1.subject, "C++ Programming");
Book1.book_id = 6495407;
// Book 2 specification
strcpy( Book2.title, "Telecom Billing");
strcpy( Book2.author, "Yakit Singha");
strcpy( Book2.subject, "Telecom");
Book2.book_id = 6495700;
// Print Book1 info, passing address of structure
printBook( &Book1 );
// Print Book1 info, passing address of structure
printBook( &Book2 );
return 0;
}
// This function accept pointer to structure as parameter.
void printBook( Books *book )
{
cout << "Book title : " << book->title <<endl; //struct_pointer->title;
cout << "Book author : " << book->author <<endl;
cout << "Book subject : " << book->subject <<endl;
cout << "Book id : " << book->book_id <<endl;
}
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